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VocabularyAdjectivesBeginner

100 Japanese Adjectives (Keiyoushi) with Example Sentences

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16 min read

Japanese adjectives are known as keiyoushi (形容詞けいようし). They describe qualities, states, feelings, weather, tastes, colors, and shapes.

Learn 100 descriptive entries in 10 categories. The list contains 76 i-adjectives, 21 na-adjectives, and 3 noun-based expressions commonly used for descriptions.

Each card shows kanji or kana, furigana, romaji, an English meaning, the word type, and an example sentence.

100 Japanese Words Series

Explore five core groups: verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and expressions.

Recognize I-Adjectives and Na-Adjectives

The two groups use different patterns before nouns and in negative or past forms.

1. I-Adjectives

The basic form usually ends in hiragana , as in たかい (takai, tall or expensive). Put this form directly before a noun: たかやま.

2. Na-Adjectives

Add when a na-adjective modifies a noun: しずかな部屋へや (a quiet room). Some loanwords, including ハンサム, follow this pattern.

Quick Patterns for Descriptive Sentences

Use these patterns to describe people, objects, weather, and situations.

ContextPatternExample
PersonN は adjective です田中たなかさんは親切しんせつです。
Objectこの/その/あの N は adjective ですこのほん面白おもしろいです。
Weatherきょう/あした は adjective ですきょうはあついです。
SituationN は adjective じゃないですみち危険きけんじゃないです。

List of 100 Japanese Adjectives

1Chapter 1: Character and Personality

1
Type: I-Adjective
Yasashii
Kind / Gentle
Example Sentence

Kare wa totemo yasashii desu.

He is very kind.

2
Type: I-Adjective
Kibishii
Strict / Stern
Example Sentence

Kono sensei wa kibishii desu.

This teacher is strict.

3
Type: Na-Adjective
Majime
Serious / Diligent
Example Sentence

Kanojo wa majime na gakusei desu.

She is a diligent student.

4
Type: Na-Adjective
Shinsetsu
Kind / Helpful
Example Sentence

Ano hito wa shinsetsu desu.

That person is kind.

5
Type: Na-Adjective
Ijiwaru
Mean / Unkind
Example Sentence

Ijiwaru na koto o shinaide.

Do not do anything mean like that.

6
Type: Na-Adjective
Rippa
Splendid / Impressive
Example Sentence

Totemo rippa na ie desu ne.

That is a very impressive house.

7
Type: I-Adjective
Kashikoi
Clever / Wise
Example Sentence

Inu wa kashikoi doubutsu desu.

Dogs are clever animals.

8
Type: Na-Adjective
Baka
Foolish / Stupid
Example Sentence

Sonna baka na koto wa yamete.

Stop doing foolish things like that.

9
Type: Na-Adjective
Genki
Well / Energetic
Example Sentence

O-genki desu ka?

How are you?

10
Type: I-Adjective
Otonashii
Quiet / Well-behaved
Example Sentence

Sono ko wa otonashii desu.

That child is quiet.

2Chapter 2: Appearance and Physical Traits

11
Type: I-Adjective
Takai
Tall / High
Example Sentence

Ano tatemono wa totemo takai desu.

That building is very tall.

12
Type: I-Adjective
Hikui
Short / Low
Example Sentence

Kare wa se ga hikui desu.

He is short.

13
Type: Na-Adjective
Kirei
Beautiful / Clean
Example Sentence

Kirei na hana desu ne.

That is a beautiful flower.

14
Type: Na-Adjective
Hansamu
Handsome
Example Sentence

Kare wa hansamu desu.

He is handsome.

15
Type: I-Adjective
Wakai
Young
Example Sentence

Mada wakai kara, daijoubu.

They are still young, so they will be fine.

16
Type: I-Adjective
Kawaii
Cute / Adorable
Example Sentence

Kono neko wa totemo kawaii desu.

This cat is very cute.

17
Type: I-Adjective
Omotai
Heavy
Example Sentence

Kono nimotsu wa omotai desu.

This luggage is heavy.

18
Type: I-Adjective
Karui
Light
Example Sentence

Karui kaban ga hoshii desu.

I want a light bag.

19
Type: I-Adjective
Kuroi
Black / Dark
Example Sentence

Kuroi kami ga suki desu.

I like black hair.

20
Type: I-Adjective
Shiroi
White
Example Sentence

Shiroi shatsu o kimasu.

I am wearing a white shirt.

3Chapter 3: Emotions and Feelings

21
Type: I-Adjective
Tanoshii
Fun / Enjoyable
Example Sentence

Kyou wa totemo tanoshikatta desu.

Today was a lot of fun.

22
Type: I-Adjective
Ureshii
Happy / Glad
Example Sentence

Purezento o moratte ureshii desu.

I am happy to receive a present.

23
Type: I-Adjective
Kanashii
Sad
Example Sentence

Kanashii eiga o mimashita.

I watched a sad film.

24
Type: I-Adjective
Sabishii
Lonely
Example Sentence

Tomodachi ga inakute sabishii desu.

I feel lonely because I have no friends here.

25
Type: I-Adjective
Kowai
Scary / Frightening
Example Sentence

Obake wa kowai desu.

That ghost is frightening.

26
Type: I-Adjective
Hazukashii
Embarrassed / Embarrassing
Example Sentence

Minna no mae de hanasu no wa hazukashii desu.

I feel embarrassed speaking in front of everyone.

27
Type: I-Adjective
Itai
Painful / Sore
Example Sentence

Onaka ga itai desu.

My stomach hurts.

28
Type: I-Adjective
Nemui
Sleepy
Example Sentence

Totemo nemui desu.

I am very sleepy.

29
Type: Na-Adjective
Zannen
Unfortunate / A Pity
Example Sentence

Sore wa zannen desu ne.

That is a shame.

30
Type: Na-Adjective
Shinpai
Worried / Concerned
Example Sentence

Oya o shinpai sasenaide.

Do not make your parents worry.

4Chapter 4: Weather, Temperature, and Seasons

31
Type: I-Adjective
Atsui
Hot (Weather)
Example Sentence

Kyou wa atsui desu ne.

It is hot today.

32
Type: I-Adjective
Samui
Cold (Weather)
Example Sentence

Fuyu wa samui desu.

Winter is cold.

33
Type: I-Adjective
Atatakai
Warm
Example Sentence

Haru wa atatakai desu.

Spring is warm.

34
Type: I-Adjective
Suzushii
Cool / Refreshing
Example Sentence

Aki wa suzushii desu.

Autumn is cool.

35
Type: I-Adjective
Atsui
Hot (Object)
Example Sentence

Atsui ocha o nomimasu.

I drink hot tea.

36
Type: I-Adjective
Tsumetai
Cold (Object / Touch)
Example Sentence

Tsumetai mizu o kudasai.

Cold water, please.

37
Type: Descriptive Expression
Iitenki
Fine Weather
Example Sentence

Kyou wa ii tenki desu.

The weather is fine today.

38
Type: I-Adjective
Warui
Bad / Poor
Example Sentence

Tenki ga warui desu.

The weather is bad.

39
Type: I-Adjective
Mushiatsui
Hot and Humid
Example Sentence

Nihon no natsu wa mushiatsui desu.

Japanese summers are hot and humid.

40
Type: Descriptive Expression
Hare
Clear Weather
Example Sentence

Ashita wa hare deshou.

It will probably be clear tomorrow.

5Chapter 5: Condition and Quality

41
Type: I-Adjective
Atarashii
New
Example Sentence

Atarashii kuruma o kaimashita.

I bought a new car.

42
Type: I-Adjective
Furui
Old
Example Sentence

Kono pasokon wa furui desu.

This computer is old.

43
Type: I-Adjective
Ookii
Big / Large
Example Sentence

Ookii inu ga imasu.

There is a big dog.

44
Type: I-Adjective
Chiisai
Small
Example Sentence

Kono kutsu wa chiisai desu.

These shoes are small.

45
Type: I-Adjective
Takai
Expensive / High-priced
Example Sentence

Kono kaban wa totemo takai desu.

This bag is very expensive.

46
Type: I-Adjective
Yasui
Cheap / Inexpensive
Example Sentence

Suupaa no niku wa yasui desu.

The meat at the supermarket is cheap.

47
Type: I-Adjective
Yowai
Weak
Example Sentence

Kaze ga yowai desu.

The wind is weak.

48
Type: I-Adjective
Tsuyoi
Strong
Example Sentence

Kare wa tsuyoi desu.

He is strong.

49
Type: Na-Adjective
Fukuzatsu
Complicated / Complex
Example Sentence

Kono mondai wa fukuzatsu desu.

This problem is complicated.

50
Type: Na-Adjective
Kantan
Simple / Easy
Example Sentence

Kantan na tesuto deshita.

The test was easy.

🎉 You Are Halfway Through the List!

You have studied 50 entries about personality, appearance, feelings, weather, and object quality. Take a short break before continuing with taste, distance, evaluation, quantity, colors, and shapes.

6Chapter 6: Taste and Food

51
Type: I-Adjective
Oishii
Delicious / Tasty
Example Sentence

Kono keeki wa oishii desu.

This cake is delicious.

52
Type: I-Adjective
Mazui
Bad-tasting
Example Sentence

Kono kusuri wa mazui desu.

This medicine tastes bad.

53
Type: I-Adjective
Amai
Sweet
Example Sentence

Watashi wa amai mono ga suki desu.

I like sweet food.

54
Type: I-Adjective
Karai
Spicy / Hot
Example Sentence

Tai ryouri wa karai desu.

Thai food is spicy.

55
Type: I-Adjective
Nigai
Bitter
Example Sentence

Kono koohii wa nigai desu.

This coffee is bitter.

56
Type: I-Adjective
Suppai
Sour
Example Sentence

Remon wa suppai desu.

The lemon is sour.

57
Type: I-Adjective
Shoppai
Salty
Example Sentence

Kono suupu wa shoppai desu.

This soup is salty.

58
Type: I-Adjective
Katai
Hard / Tough
Example Sentence

O-niku ga katai desu.

The meat is tough.

59
Type: I-Adjective
Yawarakai
Soft / Tender
Example Sentence

Yawarakai pan o tabemashita.

I ate soft bread.

60
Type: I-Adjective
Atatakai
Warm (Food)
Example Sentence

Atatakai suupu o douzo.

Please have some warm soup.

7Chapter 7: Distance, Time, and Speed

61
Type: I-Adjective
Tooi
Far
Example Sentence

Eki kara tooi desu.

It is far from the station.

62
Type: I-Adjective
Chikai
Near / Close
Example Sentence

Gakkou wa chikai desu yo.

The school is nearby.

63
Type: I-Adjective
Hayai
Early / Fast
Example Sentence

Asa hayaku okimashita.

I get up early.

64
Type: I-Adjective
Osoi
Slow / Late
Example Sentence

Kare wa itsumo osoi desu.

He is always late.

65
Type: I-Adjective
Mijikai
Short (Length / Time)
Example Sentence

Fuyuyasumi wa mijikai desu.

The winter holiday is short.

66
Type: I-Adjective
Nagai
Long (Length / Time)
Example Sentence

Natsuyasumi wa nagai desu.

The summer holiday is long.

67
Type: Na-Adjective
Hima
Free / Not Busy
Example Sentence

Ashita wa hima desu ka?

Are you free tomorrow?

68
Type: I-Adjective
Isogashii
Busy
Example Sentence

Kyou wa totemo isogashii desu.

I am very busy today.

69
Type: Na-Adjective
Kyuu
Sudden / Urgent
Example Sentence

Kyuu na youji ga dekimashita.

Something urgent came up.

70
Type: I-Adjective
Hayai
Fast / Quick
Example Sentence

Shinkansen wa hayai desu.

The Shinkansen is very fast.

8Chapter 8: Evaluation and Judgment

71
Type: I-Adjective
Ii / Yoi
Good / Fine
Example Sentence

Kore wa totemo ii kamera desu.

This is a very good camera.

72
Type: I-Adjective
Warui
Bad / Poor
Example Sentence

Kibun ga warui desu.

I am not feeling well.

73
Type: I-Adjective
Sugoi
Amazing / Great
Example Sentence

Kare no nihongo wa sugoi desu.

Your Japanese is amazing.

74
Type: I-Adjective
Subarashii
Wonderful / Excellent
Example Sentence

Subarashii aidia desu ne.

That is a wonderful idea.

75
Type: I-Adjective
Hidoi
Terrible / Awful
Example Sentence

Hidoi ame ga futte imasu.

It is raining very heavily.

76
Type: I-Adjective
Tadashii
Correct / Right
Example Sentence

Sono kotae wa tadashii desu.

That answer is correct.

77
Type: Descriptive Expression
Machigai
Mistake / Incorrect
Example Sentence

Sore wa machigai desu.

That is a mistake.

78
Type: I-Adjective
Utsukushii
Beautiful
Example Sentence

Utsukushii keshiki o mimashita.

I saw a beautiful view.

79
Type: I-Adjective
Kitanai
Dirty
Example Sentence

Kitanai te de sawaranaide.

Do not touch it with dirty hands.

80
Type: Na-Adjective
Taisetsu
Important / Precious
Example Sentence

Taisetsu na tomodachi desu.

This is a dear friend.

9Chapter 9: Difficulty and Quantity

81
Type: I-Adjective
Muzukashii
Difficult / Hard
Example Sentence

Kono kanji wa muzukashii desu.

This kanji is difficult.

82
Type: I-Adjective
Yasashii
Easy / Simple
Example Sentence

Kono tesuto wa yasashii desu.

This test is easy.

83
Type: I-Adjective
Ooi
Many / Numerous
Example Sentence

Hito ga ooi desu ne.

There are many people here.

84
Type: I-Adjective
Sukunai
Few / Scarce
Example Sentence

Konnen wa yuki ga sukunai desu.

There has been little snow this year.

85
Type: Na-Adjective
Taihen
Hard / Demanding
Example Sentence

Shigoto ga taihen desu.

The work is demanding.

86
Type: Na-Adjective
Raku
Comfortable / Easy
Example Sentence

Kono sofaa wa totemo raku desu.

This sofa is very comfortable.

87
Type: Na-Adjective
Fukuzatsu
Complicated / Complex
Example Sentence

Kore wa totemo fukuzatsu na mekanizumu desu.

This mechanism is very complicated.

88
Type: Na-Adjective
Kantan
Simple / Easy
Example Sentence

Motto kantan na houhou ga arimasu.

There is an easier method.

89
Type: Na-Adjective
Juu-bun
Enough / Sufficient
Example Sentence

Sore de juubun desu.

That is enough.

90
Type: Na-Adjective
Hitsuyou
Necessary / Required
Example Sentence

Pasupooto ga hitsuyou desu.

You need a passport.

10Chapter 10: Colors and Shapes

91
Type: I-Adjective
Akai
Red
Example Sentence

Akai ringo o kaimashita.

I bought a red apple.

92
Type: I-Adjective
Aoi
Blue
Example Sentence

Aoi sora ga suki desu.

I like the blue sky.

93
Type: I-Adjective
Kiiroi
Yellow
Example Sentence

Kiiroi hana ga saite imasu.

Yellow flowers are blooming.

94
Type: I-Adjective
Shiroi
White
Example Sentence

Shiroi usagi ga imasu.

There is a white rabbit.

95
Type: I-Adjective
Kuroi
Black
Example Sentence

Kuroi fuku o kite imasu.

I am wearing black clothes.

96
Type: I-Adjective
Marui
Round
Example Sentence

Marui teeburu o kaimashita.

I bought a round table.

97
Type: I-Adjective
Shikakui
Square
Example Sentence

Shikakui hako ga arimasu.

There is a square box.

98
Type: I-Adjective
Akarui
Bright / Cheerful
Example Sentence

Kono heya wa totemo akarui desu.

This room is very bright.

99
Type: I-Adjective
Kurai
Dark
Example Sentence

Soto wa mou kurai desu.

It is already dark outside.

100
Type: I-Adjective
Semai
Narrow / Small
Example Sentence

Watashi no heya wa semai desu.

My room is small.


Keiyoushi Conjugation Guide

Watch the ending of an i-adjective. Na-adjectives use noun-like predicate forms.

I-Adjective and Na-Adjective Conjugation

FormI-Adjective: 高い (Takai)Na-Adjective: 静か (Shizuka)
Present Affirmative高いです静かです
Present Negative高くないです静かじゃないです
Past Affirmative高かったです静かでした
Past Negative高くなかったです静かじゃなかったです

⚠️ Important Exception: いい (Ii)

<em>Ii</em> (good) returns to the stem <em>yoi</em> in negative and past forms.

  • Negative: いいくない × → よくない
  • Past: よかった
  • Past negative: よくなかった

Connect Adjectives and Form Adverbs

Connect Two Qualities

Change an i-adjective’s to くて: 安くておいしいです (cheap and tasty). Use with a na-adjective: 静かで便利です (quiet and convenient).

Modify a Verb

Change an i-adjective’s to : 速く走ります (run fast). Use with a na-adjective: 静かに話します (speak quietly).

What Should You Study Next?

  1. Study the forms in more depth in the basic adjectives and verbs lesson.
  2. Combine descriptions with 100 Japanese nouns.
  3. Build action sentences with 100 Japanese verbs.

❓ Questions about Japanese Adjectives

Why Are Kirei and Yuumei Na-Adjectives?
Kirei (きれい) and yuumei (ゆうめい) end in an i sound, but both follow na-adjective grammar. Use kirei na hana for “a beautiful flower” and yuumei na hito for “a famous person”.
Must I Memorize Every Kanji in This List?
No single target suits every learner. Use the furigana to read the examples, note the words you use often, and learn their kanji in stages.
Is Every Entry in This List a Pure Adjective?
Most entries are i-adjectives or na-adjectives. Three entries, ii tenki, hare, and machigai, are noun-based expressions often used descriptively in conversation.
How Do Predicate Adjectives Differ from Adjectives before Nouns?
I-adjectives keep their basic form in both positions: takai yama and yama wa takai desu. Na-adjectives take な before a noun, as in shizuka na heya, but drop な before です: heya wa shizuka desu.

Conclusion

These 100 words and expressions help you describe people, objects, feelings, weather, tastes, distance, judgments, quantity, colors, and shapes in Japanese.

Quick Practice: Choose five words from each chapter. Write one predicate sentence and one noun phrase for each word.

Back to the Vocabulary Hub

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